Electric motors convert electrical power into mechanical power and come in all shapes and sizes. Motors can be characterized as begin alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) types. There are literally numerous standard motors to pick from. These include motors large and small for standard industrial or commercial applications, or operation in extreme conditions like ocean submersible motors for propulsion or robotic arms, or motors designed to operate inside vacuum of space like on the Space Shuttle.
In a volatile environment as being a paint booth or grain elevator a blast at the proof motor could possibly be necessary to stop the possibility of your spark igniting the flammable environment. Even wonderful the available motors there's the need to get a custom motor to fulfill a certain torque and speed requirement, environmental condition or operate from the specific voltage and current. These may be either AC or DC types based on the specific application.
AC motors generally belong to among two categories, synchronous or asynchronous types. Synchronous motors synchronize with all the frequency in the alternating current whereas asynchronous motors run at the slightly slower speed relative to synchronous speed. The difference in output speed of asynchronous motors in comparison to synchronous speed is called slip.
Asynchronous motors are brushless as are lots of synchronous types but some synchronous motors include brushes along with a slip ring. Brushless motors by definition could have lower maintenance since the sole parts to wear from friction are the shaft bearings.
Also referred to as a possible induction motor, the asynchronous AC motor was invented by Nikola Tesla in 1882 and is considered being one from the 10 greatest discoveries coming from all times. Induction motors are among one with the most common inside the world powering machinery and lots of applications inside home today including common appliances like refrigerator and air conditioner compressors, washing machines, dryers and fans.
Common types of synchronous motors are electric clocks and appliance timers. Since the frequency of the AC supplied about bat roosting motors is precisely controlled they keep very accurate time. Some synchronous motors especially individuals with permanent magnet rotors are employed in combination with variable frequency drives to control of speed over the wide range, from zero speed to maximum speed. Commonly called AC brushless servomotors, these motors use feedback in combination which has a servo drive to precisely control the commanded speed, or torque. Induction motors can be driven with a variable frequency drive but you are much less controllable as permanent magnet synchronous types however are less expensive.
DC motors have many applications where DC power is often available or when duty cycles are low like automobile starter motors. Unlike AC motors all DC motors have brushes plus a commutator that interact to automatically switch current to several windings to be able to generate motion. A common example is really a golf buggy motor run from batteries. Another application for DC motors when battery power is available is for traction motors. These motors provide traction on the ground and therefore are common for vehicles, human transporters and automatically guided vehicles (AGVs) to advance product in large industrial plants. More recently however permanent magnet brushless AC motors are increasingly being employed for all kinds of traction applications to lower maintenance and improve efficiency to lower battery requirements.
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